|
A
wonderful combination of ancient traditions and cutting-edge
modern life, Japan has it all. It is one of the world’s most
fascinating places to visit as many wonders and revelation
await you. You can try your hand at Origami, the popular art
of paper folding, or take a walk down the serene paths of a
temple or you may step into a theatre and take in a
performance - the Kabuki Theatre is a must see in Japan as it
is the most famous of the traditional Japanese theatres and
depicts one of the various aspects of performing arts.
Kabuki
originated in the Edo period and was more popular with the
lower social class as compared to the higher social classes.
The word 'Kabuki' is composed of three Japanese characters:
'ka' meaning 'songs', 'bu' meaning 'dance' and 'ki' meaning
'skill'. Its more likely a Japanese version of Shakespeare’s
plays being performed in an Opera. But Kabuki is more
entertaining, energetic and awesome in the use of color,
makeup, movements and often other spectacular effects.
The
passion for Kabuki Theatre began with first performance by the
shrine dancer Okuni at Kyoto in 1603. This performance was a
unique blend of folk dance and religious dance and soon became
popular with the lower classes. In the early phase of the 17th
century, women were banned from performing because women
performers were lured to the business of prostitution and were
getting undue attention from male admirers. This led to the
development of art of female impersonation wherein males also
played female parts. The beginning of the 18th
century marked the development of Kabuki into a more matured
form and was starting to become popular even with the higher
classes of society.
Kabuki
plays are composed of certain varying elements that help it
become so colorful and glamorous. These elements include:
Story, Musical Elements, Dramatic Content, Dance, Costume,
Make-up, Theatre Design, and Actor/Audience Relationship.
Kabuki plays are about society in a particular period,
historical events, moral conflicts, love relationships etc.
and are performed using a combination of dramatic dialogue and
dance, and accompanied by drums, flutes, stringed instruments
called shamisen, and chanting. The Kabuki music also employs
special spectacular audio-effects.
The most exceptional among them is the sounding of wooden
clappers signaling the opening and the closing of a Kabuki
play. The actors/performers wear costumes that reflect the
contemporary styles of the day. The costumes play a major role
to emphasize the character’s role being portrayed by the
performer, as they themselves are full of complexity and
hidden meaning. Along with the costumes, make-up is also
considered as an integral part of Kabuki performance. The
theatrical designs have changed over a period of time, ranging
from raised platforms on a riverbed to the modern day theatres
having rotating stages and a whole range of gadgets. The last
but not the least is the Actor-Audience Relationship as there
are instances in a Kabuki play when an actor would come out of
his role and address the audience directly.
Kabuki
performers are very famous in Japan and this theatrical art is
usually passed from one family generation to the next, but the
National Theater in Tokyo also has a school for training young
and upcoming performers. The costumes and conventions of the
traditional Kabuki are still being incorporated in the modern
Kabuki plays. However, the new generation performers are
finding out new ways to update plays in-order to attract more
and more audiences.
You
can only appreciate the theatrical creativity of this art form
by visiting a Kabuki performance and a good tip would be to go
with a Japanese national who is familiar with the Kabuki
Theatre.
|